The Three Doubles of a 6x6 Grid
Only three pairs can share a black dot here: one and two, two and four, three and six. So a cell touching a black dot holds 1, 2, 3, 4 or 6, never 5. Note that early: 5 can only meet a white dot, toward 4 or 6.
Reading the Empty Borders
Because every qualifying pair is marked, a border without a dot is a clue as well. Two neighbors that show no dot cannot be 2 and 3, or 3 and 6. On Hard grids, these silent borders often unlock the first digit.
From Easy to Hard
Easy sheets give fourteen of the thirty-six digits and feel close to a regular sudoku. Medium halves that. Hard keeps only what the deduction needs, so most Hard grids are solved from the dots alone.